Kit fox and Swift fox Bibliography

Updated 12/12/08

Kit fox, gray wolf, and grizzly bear interactions

Maintained by Howard Clark - howard.clark.jr@gmail.com

Abbitt, R. J. F., and J. M. Scott. 2001. Examining differences between recovered and declining endangered species. Conservation Biology, 15(5):1274-1284.

Alvarez-Castañeda, S. T. 2002. Noteworthy record of the kit fox (Mammalia: Canidae: Vulpes velox macrotis) in Vizcaino Desert, Baja California Sur, Mexico. Western North American Naturalist, 62(1):127-128.

Andersen, K. W., and E. D. Fleharty. 1964. Additional fox records for Kansas. Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science, 67(1):193-194.

Anderson, S., and S. Hadary. 1965. A kit fox from southern Zacatecas. Journal of Mammalogy, 46(2):343.

Anderson, S., and B. C. Nelson. 1958. Additional Records of Mammals of Kansas. Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science, 61(3):302-312.

Arjo, W. M., T. J. Bennett, and A. J. Kozlowski. 2003. Characteristics of current and historical kit fox (Vulpes macrotis) dens in the Great Basin Desert. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 81(1):96-102.

Arjo, W. M., E. M. Gese, T. J. Bennett, and A. J. Kozlowski. 2007. Changes in kit fox-coyote-prey relationships in the Great Basin Desert, Utah. Western North American Naturalist, 67(3):389-401.

Ausband, D. E., and E. A. Ausband. 2006. Observations of interactions between swift fox and American badger. The Prairie Naturalist, 38(1):63-64.

Ausband, D. E., and K. R. Foresman. 2007. Swift fox reintroductions on the Blackfeet Indian Reservation, Montana, USA. Biological Conservation, 136(3):423-430.

Ausband, D. E., and K. R. Foresman. 2007. Dispersal, survival, and reproduction of wild-born, yearling swift foxes in a reintroduced population. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 85(2):185-189.

Bailey, V. 1926. A Biological Survey of North Dakota. North American Fauna, 49:1-416.

Bailey, V. 1931. Mammals of New Mexico. North American Fauna, 53:1-412.

Bailey, V. 1936. The mammals and life zones of Oregon. North American Fauna, 55:1-416

Baker, A. B. 1887-1888 [1889]. Mammals of Western Kansas. Transactions of the Annual Meetings of the Kansas Academy of Science, 11:56-58.

Baker, R. H. 1968. Records of opossum and kit fox from Zacatecas. Journal of Mammalogy, 49(2):318.

Ball, M. C., R. Pither, M. Manseau, J. Clark, S. D. Petersen, S. Kingston, N. Morrill, and P. Wilson. 2007. Characterization of target nuclear DNA from faeces reduces technical issues associated with the assumptions of low-quality and quantity template. Conservation Genetics, 8(3):577-586.

Barnes, C. T. 1922. Mammals of Utah. Bulletin of the University of Utah, 12(15):1-166.

Barnosky, A. D., C. J. Bell, S. D. Emslie, H. T. Goodwin, J. I. Mead, C. A. Repenning, E. Scott, and A. B. Shabel. 2004. Exceptional record of mid-Pleistocene vertebrates helps differentiate climatic from anthropogenic ecosystem perturbations. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 101(25):9297-9302.

Becker, E. R. 1934. A Check-list of the Coccidia of the Genus Isospora. The Journal of Parasitology, 20(3):195-196.

Benedict, E. M., and R. B. Forbes. 1979. Kit fox skulls in a southeastern Oregon cave. The Murrelet, 60(1):25-27.

Benson, S. B. 1938. Notes on kit foxes (Vulpes macrotis) from Mexico. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 51:17-24.

Best, T. L. 1971. Notes on the distribution and ecology of five eastern New Mexico mammals. The Southwestern Naturalist, 16(2):210-211.

Birney, E. C. 1965. Missing teeth in the red and swift fox. Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science, 68(2):350-351.

Bjotvedt, G., and G. M. Hendricks. 1982. Mesogyna hepatica (Cestoda) in kit foxes. Canine Practice, 9(1):17-23.

Bjotvedt, G., S. M. Tomkiewicz, Jr., and R. T. Golightly, Jr. 1980. A description of helminths in a kit fox (Vulpes macrotis). Veterinary Medicine and Small Animal Clinician, 75(5):881-884.

Bjurlin, C. D., and B. L. Cypher. 2004. Effects of roads on San Joaquin kit foxes: a review and synthesis of existing data. Pages 397-406 in: C. L. Irwin, P. Garrett, and K. P. McDermott, editors. 2003 Proceedings of the International Conference on Ecology and Transportation. Center for Transportation and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina.

Bjurlin, C. D., and B. L. Cypher. 2005. Encounter frequency with the urbanized San Joaquin kit fox correlates with public beliefs and attitudes toward the species. Endangered Species UPDATE, 22(3):107-115.

Blair, W. F. 1939. Faunal relationships and geographic distribution of mammals in Oklahoma. American Midland Naturalist, 22(1):85-133.

Blair, W. F. 1941. Annotated list of mammals of the Tularosa Basin, New Mexico. American Midland Naturalist, 26(1):218-229.

Blus, L. J., G. R. Sherman, and J. D Henderson. 1967. A noteworthy record of the swift fox in McPherson County, Nebraska. Journal of Mammalogy, 48(3):471-472.

Bremner-Harrison, S., S. W. R. Harrison, B. L. Cypher, J. D. Murdoch, J. Maldonado, and S. K. Darden. 2006. Development of a single-sampling noninvasive hair snare. Wildlife Society Bulletin, 34(2):456-461.

Bremner-Harrison, S., P. A. Prodohl, and R. W. Elwood. 2004. Behavioural trait assessment as a release criterion: boldness predicts early death in a reintroduction programme of captive-bred swift fox (Vulpes velox). Animal Conservation, 7(3):313-320.

Brillhart, D. B., L. B. Fox, S. J. Upton. 1994. Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) collected from small and medium-sized Kansas mammals. Journal of Medical Entomology, 31(3):500-504.

Bowles, A. E., S. Yaeger, B. A. Kugler, and R. Golightly. 1996. Performance of desert kit foxes, Vulpes macrotis arsipus, on acoustic trials during simulated jet aircraft overflights. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 99(4):2575-2576.

Butchko, P. H. 1990. Predator control for the protection of endangered species in California. Proceedings of the Vertebrate Pest Conference, 14:237-240.

Bunker, C. D. 1940. The kit fox. Science, 92(2376):35-36.

Burns, R. D. 1960. Stomach contents of a kit fox. Ecology 41(2):365.

Burns, J. A. 1991. Mid-Wisconsinan vertebrates and their environment from January Cave, Alberta, Canada. Quaternary Research (Orlando), 35(1):130-143.

Burns, C. E., K. M. Johnston, and O. J. Schmitz. 2003. Global climate change and mammalian species diversity in U.S. national parks. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 100(20):11474-11477.

Byrne, G. 1988. Random Samples: California, here they go. Science, 242(4886):1639.

Cahalane, V. H. 1939. Mammals of the Chiricahua Mountains, Cochise County, Arizona. Journal of Mammalogy, 20(4):418-440.

Carbyn, L. N. 1986. Some observations on the behavior of swift foxes in reintroduction programs within the Canadian prairies. Alberta Naturalist, 16:37-41.

Carbyn, L. N. 1989. Swift foxes in Canada. Recovery, 1(1):8-9.

Carbyn, L. N., H. J. Armbruster, and C. Mamo. 1994. The swift fox reintroduction program in Canada from 1983 to 1992. Pages 247-271 in: M. L. Bowles and C. J. Whelan, editors. Restoration of endangered species: conceptual issues, planning and implementation. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.

Carbyn, L. N., and M. Killaby. 1989. Status of the swift fox in Saskatchewan. Blue Jay, 47:41-52.

Cardwell, M. D. 2005. Crotalus scutulatus (Mojave rattlesnake). Behavior. Herpetological Review, 36(2):192.

Careau, V., J. Morand-Ferron, and D. Thomas. 2007. Basal metabolic rate of canidae from hot deserts to cold arctic climates. Journal of Mammalogy, 88(2):394-400.

Cary, M. 1911. A biological survey of Colorado. North American Fauna, 33:1-256.

Chandler, D. 1965. The call of the kit fox. The Blue Jay, 23:135.

Charlton, K. G., D. W. Hird, S. M. Griffey, J. G. Zinkl, and L. K. Spiegel. 2001. Clinical findings in kit foxes and deer mice from an oil field environment. Transactions of the Western Section of the Wildlife Society, 37:61-65.

Charlton, K. G., D. W. Hird, and L. K. Spiegel. 2001. Trace metal concentrations in San Joaquin kit foxes from the southern San Joaquin Valley of California. California Fish and Game, 87(2):45-50.

Church, R. L., R. A. Gerrard, M. Gilpin, and P. Stine. 2003. Constructing cell-based habitat patches useful in conservation planning. Annuals of the Association of American Geographers, 93:814-827.

Clark, D. R., Jr. 1987. Selenium accumulation in mammals exposed to contaminated California USA irrigation drainwater. Science of the Total Environment, 66:147-168.

Clark, H. O., Jr. 2003. Responses of San Joaquin kit foxes to an oil-gas well fire. California Fish and Game, 89(2):102-105.

Clark, H. O., Jr. 2005. Aggressive behaviour exhibited by a San Joaquin kit fox, Vulpes macrotis mutica. Canadian Field-Naturalist, 119(1):134.

Clark, H. O., Jr. 2007. Hypothetical relationships between the San Joaquin kit fox, California grizzly bear, and gray wolf on the Pre-European California landscape. Endangered Species UPDATE, 24(1):14-19.

Clark, H. O., Jr. 2007. Marking of novel objects by kit foxes. California Fish and Game, 93(2):102-105.

Clark, H. O., Jr., B. L. Cypher, P. A. Kelly, D. F. Williams, and S. D. Clifton. 2002-2003. Use of a hair-sampling tube to detect the San Joaquin kit fox. Transactions of the Western Section of the Wildlife Society, 38/39:29-30.

Clark, H. O., Jr., B. L. Cypher, G. D. Warrick, P. A. Kelly, D. F. Williams, and D. E. Grubbs. 2004. Challenges in conservation of the endangered San Joaquin kit fox. Pages 118-131 in: N. Fascione, A. Delach, and M. E. Smith, editors. People and Predators: From Conflict to Coexistence. Island Press, Washington, D.C.

Clark, H. O., Jr., R. R. Duke, M. C. Orland, R. T. Golightly, and S. I. Hagen. 2007. The San Joaquin kit fox in north-central California: A review. Transactions of the Western Section of the Wildlife Society, 43:27-36.

Clark, H. O., Jr., D. P. Newman, S. I. Hagen. 2007. Analysis of San Joaquin kit fox element data within the California natural diversity database: A case for data reliability. Transactions of the Western Section of the Wildlife Society, 43:36-42.

Clark, H. O., Jr., G. D. Warrick, B. L. Cypher, P. A. Kelly, D. F. Williams, and D. E. Grubbs. 2005. Competitive interactions between endangered kit foxes and nonnative red foxes. Western North American Naturalist, 65(2):153-163.

Cockerell, T. D. A. 1945. The Colorado Desert of California: its origin and biota. Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science, 48(1):1-40.

Cockrum, E. L. 1952. Mammals of Kansas. University of Kansas Publications, Museum of Natural History, 7(1):1-303.

Cohn, J. 1998. A Dog-Eat-Dog World? BioScience, 48(6):430-434.

Contreras-Balderas, A. J., D. J. Hafner, J. H. Lopez-Soto, J. M. Torres-Ayala, and S. Contreras-Arqieta. 2007. Mammals of the Cuatro Cienegas Basin, Coahuila, Mexico. The Southwestern Naturalist, 52(3):400-409.

Cooper, J. G. 1869. The naturalist in California. The American Naturalist, 3(9):470-481.

Coues, E. 1867. Notes on a Collection of Mammals from Arizona. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 19:133-136.

Covell, D. F., D. S. Miller, and W. H. Karasov. 1996. Cost of locomotion and daily energy expenditure by free-living swift foxes (Vulpes velox): a seasonal comparison. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 74(2):283-290.

Creel, G. C., and W. A. Thornton. 1971. A note on the distribution and specific status of the fox genus Vulpes in west Texas. The Southwestern Naturalist, 15(3):402-404.

Creel, G. C., and W. A. Thornton. 1974. Comparative study of a Vulpes fulva - Vulpes macrotis hybrid fox karyotype. The Southwestern Naturalist, 18(4):465-468.

Cullingham, C. I., C. Smeeton, and B. N. White. 2007. Isolation and characterization of swift fox tetranucleotide microsatellite loci. Molecular Ecology Notes, 7(1):160-162.

Cutter, W. L. 1958. Food habits of the swift fox in northern Texas. Journal of Mammalogy, 39(4):527-532.

Cutter, W. L. 1958. Denning of the swift fox in northern Texas. Journal of Mammalogy, 39(1):70-74.

Cutter, W. L. 1959. Notes on some mammals from northern Texas. The Southwestern Naturalist, 4(1):30-34.

Cypher, B. L. 1997. Effects of radiocollars on San Joaquin kit foxes. The Journal of Wildlife Management, 61(4):1412-1423.

Cypher, B. L. 2003. Foxes (Vulpes species, Urocyon species, and Alopex lagopus). Pages 511-546 in: G. A. Feldhamer, B. C. Thompson, and J. A. Chapman, editors. Wild mammals of North America. Biology, Management, and Conservation. Second edition. The John Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

Cypher, B. L., H. O. Clark, Jr., P. A. Kelly, Van Horn Job, G. D. Warrick, and D. F. Williams. 2001. Interspecific interactions among wild canids: Implications for the conservation of endangered San Joaquin kit foxes. Endangered Species UPDATE, 18(4):171-174.

Cypher, B. L., and N. Frost. 1999. Condition of San Joaquin kit foxes in urban and exurban habitats. Journal of Wildlife Management, 63(3):930-938.

Cypher, B. L., M. E. Koopman, and D. R. McCullough. 2001. Space use and movements by kit fox family members. Transactions of the Western Section of the Wildlife Society, 37:84-87.

Cypher, B. L., and J. H. Scrivner. 1992. Coyote control to protect endangered San Joaquin kit foxes at the Naval Petroleum Reserves, California. Proceedings of the Vertebrate Pest Conference, 15:42-47.

Cypher, B. L., J. H. Scrivner, K. L. Hammer, and T. P. O’Farrell. 1998. Viral antibodies in coyotes from California. Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 34(2):259-264.

Cypher, B. L., and K. A. Spencer. 1998. Competitive interactions between coyotes and San Joaquin kit foxes. Journal of Mammalogy, 79(1):204-214.

Cypher, B. L., K. A. Spencer, and J. H. Scrivner. 1994. Food-item use by coyotes at the Naval Petroleum Reserves in California. The Southwestern Naturalist, 39(1):91-95.

Cypher, B. L., and G. D. Warrick. 1993. Use of human-derived food items by urban kit foxes. Transactions of the Western Section of the Wildlife Society, 29: 34-37.

Cypher, B. L., G. D. Warrick, M. R. Otten, T. P. O’Farrell, W. H. Berry, C. E. Harris, T. T. Kato, P. M. McCue, J. H. Scrivner, and B. W. Zoellick. 2000. Population dynamics of San Joaquin kit foxes at the naval petroleum reserves in California. Wildlife Monographs, 145:1-43.

Daneke, D., M. Sunquist, and S. Berwick. 1984. Notes on kit fox biology in Utah. The Southwestern Naturalist, 29(3):361-362.

Darden, S. K., and T. Dabelsteen. 2006. Ontogeny of swift fox Vulpes velox vocalizations: production, usage and response. Behaviour, 143(Part 6):659-681.

Darden, S. K., and T. Dabelsteen. 2008. Acoustic territorial signaling in a small, socially monogamous canid. Animal Behaviour, 75(3):905-912.

Darden, S. K., T. Dabelsteen, and S. B. Pedersen. 2003. A potential tool for swift fox (vulpes velox) conservation: Individuality of long-range barking sequences. Journal of Mammalogy, 84(4):1417-1427.

Darden, S. K., S. B. Pedersen, and T. Dabelsteen. 2003. Methods of frequency analysis of a complex mammalian vocalisation. Bioacoustics, 13(3):247-263.

Darden, S. K., L. K. Steffensen, and T. Dabelsteen. 2008. Information transfer among widely spaced individuals: latrines as a basis for communication networks in the swift fox? Animal Behaviour, 75(2):425-432.

Davis, W. B., and J. L. Robertson, Jr. 1944. The Mammals of Culberson County, Texas. Journal of Mammalogy, 25(3):254-273.

Deem, S. L., L. H. Spelman, R. A. Yates, and R. J. Montali. 2000. Canine distemper in terrestrial carnivores: A review. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, 31(4):441-451.

Dennis, B., and M. R. M. Otten. 2000. Joint effects of density dependence and rainfall on abundance of San Joaquin kit fox. Journal of Wildlife Management, 64(2):388-400.

DeStefano, S. 1992. Observations of kit foxes in southeastern Oregon. Northwestern Naturalist, 73(2):54-56.

Disney, M., and L. K. Spiegel. 1992. Sources and rates of San Joaquin kit fox mortality in western Kern County, California. Transactions of the Western Section of the Wildlife Society, 28:73-82.

Dragoo, J. W., J. R. Choate, and T. P. O’Farrell. 1987. Intrapopulational variation in two samples of arid-land foxes. Texas Journal of Science, 39(3):223-232.

Dragoo, J. W., J. R. Choate, T. L. Yates, and T. P. O’Farrell. 1990. Evolutionary and taxonomic relationship among North American arid-land foxes. Journal of Mammalogy, 71(3):318-332.

Duncan, R. B., T. C. Esque, and K. L. Echols. 1994. Phrynosoma mcallii (Flat-tailed horned lizard). Predation. Herpetological Review, 25(2):68.

Durrant, S. D. 1952. Mammals of Utah, Taxonomy and Distribution. University of Kansas Publications, Museum of Natural History, 6:1-549.

Duro, D. C., N. C. Coops, M. A. Wulder, and T. Han. 2007. Development of a large area biodiversity monitoring system driven by remote sensing. Progress in Physical Geography, 31(3):235-260.

Edminster, R. 2006. Foxes in Central California. Quercus Publications, Los Baños, California.

Egoscue, H. J. 1956. Preliminary studies of the kit fox in Utah. Journal of Mammalogy, 37(3):351-357.

Egoscue, H. J. 1962. Ecology and life history of the kit fox in Tooele County, Utah. Ecology, 43(3):481-497.

Egoscue, H. J. 1964. The kit fox in southwestern Colorado. The Southwestern Naturalist, 9(1):40-49.

Egoscue, H. J. 1966. Description of a newborn kit fox. The Southwestern Naturalist, 11(4):501-502.

Egoscue, H. J. 1975. Population dynamics of the kit fox in western Utah. Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences, 74(3):122-127.

Egoscue, H. J. 1979. Vulpes velox. Mammalian Species, 122:1-5.

Egoscue, H. J. 1985. Kit fox flea relationships on the Naval Petroleum Reserves Kern County, California. Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences, 84(3):127-132.

Ellison, K. 2006. The nature of farms. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 4:280.

Elliot, D. G. 1903. Descriptions of twenty-seven apparently new species and subspecies of mammals, all but six collected by Edmund Heller. Field Columbian Museum Publication 87, Zoological Series, 3:239-261.

Emerson, K. C., and R. D. Price. 1987. New records of chewing lice (Mallophaga: Trichodectidae) found on North American wild foxes north of Mexico. Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 60(2):332-333.

Fagan, W. F., and F. Lutscher. 2006. Average dispersal success: Linking home range, dispersal, and metapopulation dynamics to reserve design. Ecological Applications, 16(2):820-828.

Finley, D. J., G. C. White, and J. P. Fitzgerald. 2005. Estimation of swift fox population size and occupancy rates in eastern Colorado. Journal of Wildlife Management, 69(3):861-873.

Flaherty, M., and R. Plaake. 1986. Response of swift fox (Vulpes velox) to water stress. The Journal of Colorado-Wyoming Academy of Science, 18:51.

Flinders, J. T., D. S. Rogers, J. L. Webber-Alston, and H. A. Barber. 2002. Mammals of the Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument: A literature and museum survey. Monographs of the Western North American Naturalist, 1:1-64.

Floyd, B. L., and M. R. Stromberg. 1981. New records of the swift fox (Vulpes velox) in Wyoming. Journal of Mammalogy, 62(3):650-651.

Fugate, R. 1939. Swift fox den found. The Murrelet, 20(2):44.

Geffen, E., A. A. Degen, M. Kam, R. Hefner, and K. A. Nagy. 1992. Daily energy expenditure and water flux of free-living Blanford’s foxes (Vulpes cana), a small desert carnivore. Journal of Animal Ecology, 61(3):611-617.

Geffen, E., A. Mercure, D. J. Girman, D. W. MacDonald, and R. K. Wayne. 1992. Phylogenetic relationships of the fox-like canids: mitochondrial DNA restriction fragment, site and cytochrome b sequence analyses. Journal of Zoology (London), 228(1):27-39.

Gerrard, R., P. Stine, R. Church, and M. Gilpin. 2001. Habitat evaluation using GIS: A case study applied to the San Joaquin kit fox. Landscape and Urban Planning, 52(4):239-255.

Geluso, K. 2002. Records of Mammals from Harding County, New Mexico. The Southwestern Naturalist, 47(2):325-329.

Gese, E. M., S. M. Karki, M. L. Klavetter, E. R. Schauster, and A. M. Kitchen. 2004. Serologic survey for canine infectious diseases among sympatric swift foxes (Vulpes velox) and coyotes (Canis latrans) in Southeastern Colorado. Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 40(4):741-748.

Gilmore, R. M. 1947. Report on a collection of mammal bones from archeological cave-sites in Coahuila, Mexico. Journal of Mammalogy, 28(2):147-165.

Girard, I. 2001. Field cost of activity in the kit fox, Vulpes macrotis. Physiological and Biochemical Zoology, 74(2):191-202.

Glass, B. P. 1956. Status of the kit fox, Vulpes velox, in the High Plains. Proceedings of the Oklahoma Academy of Science, 37:162-163.

Gober, J. 2005. How the swift fox escaped the list. Endangered Species UPDATE, 22(1):S22-S23.

Goldman, E. A. 1931. Two new desert foxes. Journal of the Washington Academy of Science, 21:249-251.

Goldman, E. A. 1937. The Colorado River as a barrier in mammalian distribution. Journal of Mammalogy, 18(4):427-435.

Golightly, R. T., Jr., and R. D. Ohmart. 1983. Metabolism and body temperature of two desert canids: coyotes and kit foxes. Journal of Mammalogy, 64(4):624-635.

Golightly, R. T., Jr., and R. D. Ohmart. 1984. Water economy of two desert canids: coyotes and kit foxes. Journal of Mammalogy, 65(1):51-58.

Green, J. S., R. T. Golightly, Jr., S. L. Lindsey, and B. R. LeaMaster. 1985. Use of radio transmitter implants in wild canids. The Great Basin Naturalist, 45(3):567-570.

Greer, M., J. K. Greer, and J. Gillingham. 1977. Osteoarthritis in selected wild mammals. Proceedings of the Oklahoma Academy of Science, 57:39-43.

Grinnell, J. 1933. Review of the recent mammal fauna of California. University of California Publications in Zoology, 40(2):71-234.

Grinnell, J., J. S. Dixon, and J. Linsdale. 1937. Kit foxes. Pages 399-420 in: J. Grinnell, J. Dixon, and J. Linsdale, editors. Fur bearing animals of California. Volume 2. University of California Press, Berkeley, USA.

Grossmueller, D. W. 1994. Video inspection and temporary closure of mammal burrows on an asbestos contaminated site. Wildlife Society Bulletin, 22(3):516-519.

Haight, R. G., B. Cypher, P. A. Kelly, S. Phillips, H. P. Possingham, K. Ralls, A. M. Starfield, P. J. White, and D. Williams. 2002. Optimizing habitat protection using demographic models of population viability. Conservation Biology, 16(5):1386-1397.

Haight, R. G., B. Cypher, P. A. Kelly, S. Phillips, K. Ralls, and H. P. Possingham. 2004. Optimizing reserve expansion for disjunct populations of San Joaquin kit fox. Biological Conservation, 117(1):61-72.

Hall, E. R. 1946. Mammals of Nevada. University of California Press, Berkeley, California.

Hall, E. R. 1981. The mammals of North America, 2^nd ed. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2:939-941.

Hall, E. R., and K. R. Kelson. 1959. The mammals of North America. The Ronald Press Company, New York. 2:858-860.

Halloran, A. F. 1945. The type locality of Vulpes macrotis neomexicanus. Journal of Mammalogy, 26(1):92-93.

Halloran, A. F. 1946. The Carnivores of the San Andres Mountains, New Mexico. Journal of Mammalogy, 27(2):154-161.

Halloran, A. F. 1965. Carnivore Notes from the Navajo Indian Reservation. The Southwestern Naturalist, 10(2):139-140.

Halloran, A. F., and W. E. Blanchard. 1954. Carnivores of Yuma County, Arizona. American Midland Naturalist, 51(2):481-487.

Hardy, R. 1945. The Influence of types of soil upon the local distribution of some mammals in southwestern Utah. Ecological Monographs, 15(1):71-108.

Harris, A. H. 1990. Fossil evidence bearing on southwestern mammalian biogeography. Journal of Mammalogy, 71(2):219-229.

Harrison, R. L. 2003. Swift fox demography, movements, denning, and diet in New Mexico. The Southwestern Naturalist, 48(2):261-273.

Harrison, R. L., D. J. Barr, and J. W. Dragoo. 2002. A comparison of population survey techniques for swift foxes (Vulpes velox) in New Mexico. American Midland Naturalist, 148(2):320-337.

Harrison, R. L., P. S. Clarke, and C. M. Clarke. 2004. Indexing swift fox populations in New Mexico using scats. American Midland Naturalist, 151(1):42-49.

Harrison, R. L., M. J. Patrick, and C. G. Schmitt. 2003. Foxes, fleas, and plague in New Mexico. The Southwestern Naturalist, 48(4):720-722.

Hawbecker, A. C. 1943. Food of the San Joaquin kit fox. Journal of Mammalogy, 24(4):499.

Herrero, S. 1984. Swift fox once again. Alberta Naturalist, 14:29-32.

Herrero, S. 1985. The return of the swift fox to Canada. Pages 16-22 in: International Union of Directors of Zoological Gardens 40th Annual Conference, Calgary, Canada - Scientific Proceedings 1985. Royal Zoological Society of Scotland, Edinburgh.

Herrero, S., C. Mamo, L. Carbyn, and M. Scott-Brown. 1991. Swift fox reintroduction into Canada. Pages 246-252 in: G. L. Holroyd, G. Burns, and H. C. Smith, editors. Proceedings of the Second Endangered Species and Prairie Conservation Workshop. Provincial Museum of Alberta, Natural History Section, Occasional Paper No. 15, Edmonton, Alberta.

Herrero, S., C. Schroeder, and M. Scott-Brown. 1986. Are Canadian foxes, Vulpes velox, swift enough? Biological Conservation, 36(2):159-168.

Hibbard, C. W. 1944. A Checklist of Kansas Mammals, 1943. Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science, 47(1):61-88.

Hildebrand, M. 1952. The Integument in Canidae. Journal of Mammalogy, 33(4):419-428.

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